Brief introduction : About First and Second Language

First language 

The first language is the native language or the mother tongue of all human beings. We acquire our first or L1 from our childhood through the environment and from our parents etc. Everybody in the world acquires the first language subconsciously. There are no certain affecting factors that influence the L1 acquisition as such little effort should be paid to acquire the first language, as it happens automatically. Normally, it means a child when he/she is 3 or 4 years old get the ability to speak the native language. However, if one likes to learn any other language he/she has to learn formally from a school or an institution. 

Second Language 

The second language is the language that is learnt after the native language. Simply if a person wishes to acquire a second language one should have to go to an institution, school, or extra classes and so on. And when we study the second language it has a process that we have to undergo step by step. Even though the first language acquisition is an automatic process, second language learning is complicated that takes place in an irregular pattern. For instance; there are several conscious processes that are affected by internal and external factors such as age, environment, syllabus, teaching method and teacher, facilities, curriculum, etc. It means that one should put an effort and work hard to acquire the target language. And if one really wants to speak the target language one should create an environment that could help and make better to gain knowledge every day. Normally one should have a desire and determination while learning any language. Therefore it is clear that learning a second or third language is quite different from the first language because in the first language is acquired o sub-consciously through our parents, adults and the environment whereas  L2 is learnt by putting an effort and dedication of much time.